Transplantation of allogeneic rhG-CSF mobilized peripheral CD34+ cells from an HLA-identical unrelated donor

We describe the case of a 41-year-old female who underwent allogeneic blood cell transplantation with CD34(+)-enriched cells from an HLA-matched unrelated donor for AML in second CR. The conditioning regimen consisted of TBI (12 Gy), VP16 (1800 mg), cyclophosphamide (7200 mg), and ATG (7200 mg). GVHD prophylaxis consisted of CsA and a short course of MTX. Receiving G-CSF from day +1, engraftment occurred on day +19 after stem cell infusion. Starting on day +10, GVHD grade II (skin and liver) developed that responded to high-dose steroid therapy. The patient died on day +38 due to suspected cerebral aspergillus infection. This case demonstrates the feasibility of primary transplantation of CD34(+)-enriched allogeneic peripheral stem cells from a matched unrelated donor leading to engraftment of donor cells.