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Related Experiment Videos

Age and systemic acid-base equilibrium: analysis of published data

L Frassetto1, A Sebastian

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Aging adults experience a gradual increase in blood acidity and a decrease in bicarbonate levels, indicating a mild metabolic acidosis. This age-related shift may be linked to declining kidney function.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Gerontology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Systemic acid-base equilibrium is crucial for normal physiological function.
  • Understanding age-related changes in acid-base balance is important for geriatric health.
  • Previous research has not comprehensively analyzed age-specific trends in blood acid-base parameters in healthy adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if systemic acid-base equilibrium changes with aging in healthy adult humans.
  • To quantify the relationship between age and key blood acid-base parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published articles on blood acid-base composition in age-identified healthy subjects.
  • Extraction and calculation of blood hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]), plasma bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3(-)]), and blood PCO2.

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  • Linear regression analysis of 61 age-group means across eight 10-year intervals (ages 20-100).

    • Main Results:

    • A significant age-related increase in steady-state blood [H+] (p < .001) was observed.
    • A significant age-related reduction in steady-state plasma [HCO3(-)] (p < .001) was found.
    • Blood PCO2 decreased with age (p < .05), consistent with respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Healthy aging in humans is associated with a progressive, low-level metabolic acidosis.
    • Age-related decline in renal function may contribute to this metabolic acidosis.
    • The impact of age-related metabolic acidosis on degenerative diseases of aging warrants further investigation.