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Gender differences in employment behavior during late middle age

C J Ruhm1

  • 1University of North Carolina-Greensboro, USA.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Gender employment gaps for married individuals aged 55-59 are significant. Family responsibilities, particularly caregiving, and coordinated retirement decisions contribute to lower employment rates for wives compared to husbands.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Economics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Employment rates among older adults are a growing area of research.
  • Gender disparities in employment persist across various age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender differences in employment rates for individuals aged 55 to 59.
  • To identify factors contributing to these employment disparities, particularly among married couples.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of employment data for men and women aged 55-59.
  • Examination of stated reasons for not working, focusing on family motivations.

Main Results:

  • Employment rate differences are most pronounced among married individuals.
  • Wives are less likely to be employed and more likely to cite family reasons for not working.
  • Coordinated retirement decisions and caregiving responsibilities contribute to the disparity.

Conclusions:

  • Traditional gender roles influence but do not fully explain employment patterns.
  • Employment disparities are linked to family motivations and retirement planning.
  • Caregiving roles disproportionately affect female employment in this age group.