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Related Experiment Videos

Cellular basis for the electrocardiographic J wave

G X Yan1, C Antzelevitch

  • 1Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Utica, NY 13504, USA.

Circulation
|January 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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The J wave (Osborn wave) on ECGs results from a heterogeneous action potential notch in the ventricular wall, particularly epicardium. This study reveals the cellular basis for J waves, linking them to transient outward current distribution.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • The J wave, also known as the Osborn wave, is an ECG deflection observed for decades, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear.
  • Previous research has noted its presence in various physiological and pathological conditions, yet cellular correlates were poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular basis and electrophysiological mechanisms responsible for the manifestation of the J wave in the electrocardiogram (ECG).
  • To elucidate the relationship between ventricular action potential characteristics and the J wave using an isolated canine ventricular wedge model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an isolated, arterially perfused canine ventricular wedge preparation.
  • Simultaneously recorded 12-lead ECG, transmural ECG, and transmembrane action potentials from epicardial, M region, and endocardial sites.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Manipulated conditions such as hypothermia and pharmacological agents (4-aminopyridine) to alter J wave appearance.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed J waves in 17 of 20 dogs, correlating with prominent action potential notches in the epicardium but not the endocardium.
    • Demonstrated that J wave amplitude and shape depend on the transmural distribution and timing of action potential notches and the sequence of ventricular activation.
    • Found a significant correlation between epicardial action potential notch amplitude and J wave amplitude under various interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides direct evidence that heterogeneous distribution of a transient outward current-mediated action potential notch across the ventricular wall underlies the ECG J wave.
    • A voltage gradient created by a prominent epicardial action potential notch, absent in the endocardium, is the key factor manifesting as the J wave or elevated J-point.