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Serum lipid profile in children of coronary heart disease patients
1Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Srinagar.
Insights
Children with parents diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) exhibit elevated serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. This suggests a potential genetic predisposition to cardiovascular disease risk factors in offspring.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Pediatric Lipidology
- Genetics of Heart Disease
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) has a significant genetic component.
- Early identification of risk factors in children is crucial for preventative cardiology.
- Parental history of CAD is a known risk indicator.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles in children of parents with CAD.
- To compare these profiles with a control group of children from unaffected families.
- To identify potential early biomarkers for cardiovascular risk in pediatric populations.
Main Methods:
- Serum lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were analyzed in 29 families with parental CAD (index group, 44 children) and 314 control children.
- Key lipid parameters measured included total cholesterol (Tch), triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLc), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc).
- Statistical analysis (P < .05) was used to compare lipid levels between the index and control groups.
Main Results:
- The index group showed significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (Tch), triglycerides (TG), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLc) compared to controls (P < .05).
- Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) were also observed in the index group (P < .05).
- Specific elevations were noted for cholesterol (31.8%), triglycerides (6.8%), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) (36%) in the index group. Parental hypercholesterolemia further correlated with increased Tch, TG, LDLc, and VLDLc in offspring.
Conclusions:
- Children with a parental history of coronary artery disease (CAD) exhibit unfavorable serum lipid profiles, including elevated cholesterol and triglycerides.
- These findings suggest a potential genetic predisposition or shared environmental risk factors contributing to cardiovascular disease risk in offspring.
- Early monitoring of lipid profiles in children with a family history of CAD is recommended for timely intervention and prevention strategies.
Abstract:
Serum lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were analysed in 44 children from 5-14 years of age (index), belonging to 29 parents diagnosed as coronary artery disease (CAD). 314 children of parents without any CAD served as control. Index group had significantly (P < .05) higher levels of total cholesterol (Tch), triglycerides (TG) and very low density lipo-proteins cholesterol (VLDLc) and low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) (P < .05). Index group revealed higher levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in 31.8%, 6.8% and 36% cases respectively. HDLc did not show any significant variation. Index group whose parents had hypercholesteremia (Tch > 260 mg/dl) with CAD had raised levels of Tch, TG, LDLs and VLDLc when compared with control group (P < .05).