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Reduced sulfur compound oxidation by Thiobacillus caldus

K B Hallberg1, M Dopson, E B Lindström

  • 1Department of Applied Cell and Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Sweden.

Journal of Bacteriology
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Thiobacillus caldus KU metabolizes inorganic sulfur compounds. Thiosulfate oxidation occurs outside the cell, while tetrathionate, sulfide, sulfur, and sulfite oxidation occurs inside the cytoplasm.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial metabolism
  • Biochemistry of sulfur oxidation

Background:

  • Reduced inorganic sulfur compounds are crucial energy sources for many bacteria.
  • Understanding the metabolic pathways of these compounds is vital for biogeochemical cycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the metabolic pathways of inorganic sulfur compound oxidation in Thiobacillus caldus KU.
  • To determine the cellular location of these metabolic processes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing resting cells of Thiobacillus caldus KU.
  • Measuring oxygen consumption rates in the presence of various sulfur compounds, inhibitors, and uncouplers.
  • Employing specific inhibitors (N-Ethylmaleimide, 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide) and uncouplers (2,4-dinitrophenol, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone).

Main Results:

  • Thiosulfate oxidation is unaffected by uncouplers, suggesting periplasmic metabolism.
  • Oxidation of tetrathionate, sulfide, sulfur, and sulfite is inhibited by uncouplers, indicating cytoplasmic metabolism.
  • Specific inhibitors identified elemental sulfur and sulfite as key intermediates in the oxidation pathways.

Conclusions:

  • A distinct model for inorganic sulfur compound metabolism in Thiobacillus caldus KU is proposed.
  • The study differentiates the cellular localization of thiosulfate oxidation from other reduced sulfur compounds.
  • Identified metabolic intermediates provide insights into the sulfur oxidation pathway.

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