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Related Experiment Videos

Serum anti-p24 antibody concentration has a predictive value on the decrease of CD4 lymphocyte count higher than

L Morand-Joubert1, H Bludau, J Lerable

  • 1Service de Bacterio-Virologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.

Journal of Medical Virology
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

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Anti-p24 antibody titer is a stronger early predictor of CD4+ T-cell count decline in HIV patients than p24 antigen levels. Lower antibody titers indicate a higher risk of disease progression, even after immune complex dissociation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection leads to a decrease in CD4+ lymphocyte counts, a key indicator of disease progression.
  • Predictive markers for HIV disease progression are crucial for monitoring patient outcomes and guiding treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic value of anti-p24 antibody titer in predicting CD4+ lymphocyte count decrease.
  • To compare the predictive value of anti-p24 antibody titer with p24 antigen levels (polyclonal and monoclonal) before and after immune complex dissociation (ICD).

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 53 HIV-infected patients over 3 years with at least four visits.
  • Assay of serum p24 antigen (with and without ICD) and anti-p24 antibody titer at each visit.

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  • Categorization of patients into progressors (CD4+ < 200/mm3) and non-progressors (CD4+ > 400/mm3) based on CD4+ counts at follow-up.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant difference in mean anti-p24 antibody titer was observed between progressors and non-progressors at study entry.
    • An anti-p24 antibody titer threshold of 1/300 was identified as indicative of HIV progression.
    • 94% of progressors and 34% of non-progressors had an anti-p24 antibody titer below 1/300 at least once during the study.
    • Anti-p24 antibody titer demonstrated the highest predictive value for CD4+ count decline, followed by monoclonal p24 antigen with ICD.

    Conclusions:

    • Anti-p24 antibody titer is an earlier and more potent marker of CD4+ lymphocyte count decrease than p24 antigen, even after immune complex dissociation.
    • Monitoring anti-p24 antibody titers can aid in the early identification of HIV disease progression.