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Related Experiment Videos

Sample size determination for comparing more than two survival distributions

S Ahnn1, S J Anderson

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.

Statistics in Medicine
|October 30, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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This study provides sample size formulas for comparing multiple survival distributions under right censoring. These formulas aid researchers in designing studies for survival analysis and dose-response evaluations.

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Survival Analysis
  • Clinical Trial Design

Background:

  • Comparing multiple survival distributions is crucial in clinical research.
  • Existing sample size formulas are often limited to two groups or specific censoring scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive and validate sample size formulas for comparing k>=2 survival distributions.
  • To extend existing methods for survival data analysis under right censoring.
  • To provide tools for designing studies involving dose-response relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Asymptotic properties of Tarone-Ware and Harrington-Fleming test statistics were examined.
  • Sample size formulas were derived for the logrank test and Tarone's trend test.
  • Monte Carlo simulations were used to assess empirical power and formula practicality.

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Main Results:

  • A sample size formula for the logrank test comparing k>=2 survival distributions was derived under proportional hazards and equal censoring.
  • A sample size formula for Tarone's trend test for monotone dose-response was developed.
  • Formulas for stratified logrank tests were also derived.

Conclusions:

  • The derived formulas offer practical tools for sample size calculations in multi-group survival studies.
  • This work extends previous sample size derivations for survival data.
  • The findings support robust clinical trial design in survival analysis.