Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Detection of True IgE-expressing Mouse B Lineage Cells
Published on: December 1, 2014
Regulation of IgE synthesis in humans
1Molecular Immunoregulation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
Abstract:
At the present time, in no other system are the signals required for isotype switching better understood than in the IgE system. IgE switching is therefore becoming a general model for "directed" isotype switching in mice and humans. The study of IgE regulation has proposed a paradigm of general importance for immunology in the nineties, namely, the requirement for at least two signals in order to trigger the final event, in this case DNA switch recombination to the IgE isotype. The first signal is delivered by a cytokine, IL-4 or IL-13, and is responsible for the choice of the isotype. The second signal is typically delivered upon engagement of CD40 on B cells by the CD40 ligand expressed on T cells, and results in switching and production of IgE. We shall herein discuss the two-signal model for IgE switching in detail, stressing in particular the cross-talk between signals, and the mechanisms responsible for IgE amplification.
Related Concept Videos
Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
Transcytosis of IgG
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
Regulation of Hormone Secretion
Humoral stimuli,...
Inflammatory Response
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...

