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Modified fabrication techniques lead to improved centrifugal blood pump performance
J J Pacella1, A H Goldstein, G J Magovern
1Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Center, Allegheny Singer Research Institute, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh 15212, USA.
ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|July 1, 1994
Summary
Modifications to an implantable centrifugal blood pump significantly improved its durability and reduced clot formation in long-term animal studies, enhancing its potential for left ventricular assist. This research advances medical device technology for heart failure treatment.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Devices
- Materials Science
Background:
- Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are crucial for managing heart failure.
- Developing implantable blood pumps with long-term durability and hemocompatibility remains a challenge.
- Previous designs faced issues with clot formation and material degradation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance the performance and longevity of an implantable centrifugal blood pump for left ventricular assist.
- To investigate the impact of material and design modifications on pump durability and antithrombogenic properties.
- To evaluate the pump's efficacy in chronic animal implantation studies.
Main Methods:
- Utilized specialized fabrication techniques for essential pump operation requirements.
- Improved antithrombogenic character via surface coatings and impeller blade material change (polysulfone to pyrolytic carbon).
- Enhanced electronic component sealing and internal surface durability through specialized processes.
Main Results:
- Initial studies showed fibrin formation; post-modification studies demonstrated significantly reduced or absent clot formation.
- Durability improvements were observed, with redesigned stators enhancing motor corrosion resistance.
- While one long-term study experienced motor failure due to corrosion, the explanted pump was thrombus-free, indicating material improvements.
Conclusions:
- Result-dependent modifications significantly improved the implantable centrifugal blood pump's durability and resistance to clot formation.
- The refined pump design shows promise for short- and medium-term left ventricular assist applications.
- Further research and development are warranted to address remaining challenges like motor corrosion in extended implantations.