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Malignant solid tumours in Nigerian children
K A Adelusola1, W O Odesanmi, O Adejuyigbe
1Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Abafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Insights
This study reviewed malignant solid tumors in African children, finding lymphoma to be the most common. Boys were more frequently affected, with peak incidence between ages six and 13.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Global Health
Background:
- Neoplasia in African children remains understudied.
- Limited data exists on malignant solid tumors in this demographic over the last two decades.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively review malignant solid tumors in children up to 15 years of age.
- To analyze the incidence, types, and demographic distribution of pediatric solid tumors in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric solid tumors over an 11-year period.
- Data collection included patient age, sex, tumor type, and histological variant.
Main Results:
- 71% of pediatric solid tumors were malignant.
- Lymphoma was the most common malignant solid tumor (72.6%), predominantly in males.
- Rhabdomyosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and nephroblastoma were also observed, with specific sex and variant predilections.
Conclusions:
- Malignant solid tumors are a significant concern in Nigerian children.
- Lymphoma is the leading malignancy, highlighting the need for targeted research and intervention.
- Further epidemiological studies are crucial for understanding and managing pediatric neoplasia in Africa.
Abstract:
The subject of neoplasia in African children has received little or no attention within the past two decades. The current study retrospectively reviews malignant solid tumours in children from birth up to the age of 15 years over an 11 year period in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. During this period, 71 pc of solid tumours seen in children were malignant and boys were more often affected than girls. The peak incidence was between the ages of six and 13 years. Lymphoma was the commonest type of tumour, accounting for 72.6 pc of all malignant solid tumours and males predominated. All the rhabdomyosarcomas were seen in boys and the alveolar variant predominated. Osteogenic sarcoma and nephroblastoma were more often seen in girls. No primary brain tumour was seen.