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Crystal-cell interaction inhibition by polysaccharides

C F Verkoelen1, J C Romijn, L C Cao

  • 1Department of Urology, AEM-Unit, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Urology
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Semisynthetic polysaccharides (SSPs) effectively inhibit calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystal adhesion to kidney cells. SSP G872 shows particular promise for preventing recurrent kidney stones.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Recurrent kidney stones, particularly those composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), pose a significant clinical challenge.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of crystal-cell interactions is crucial for developing preventative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various polysaccharides on the interaction between COM crystals and renal cells.
  • To identify specific polysaccharides that can modulate COM crystal adhesion to kidney cells.

Main Methods:

  • Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were utilized as a model for renal cells.
  • Radiolabeled COM crystals were incubated with MDCK cell monolayers in the presence of natural glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and semisynthetic polysaccharides (SSPs).

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  • The effect of pretreatment of crystals versus cells on crystal-cell association was examined.

    • Main Results:

    • Most natural GAGs exhibited minimal inhibition of COM crystal-cell association.
    • Semisynthetic polysaccharides (SSPs), specifically SP54, G871, and G872, demonstrated potent inhibition of crystal-cell binding.
    • Pretreating the COM crystals, but not the kidney cells, with SSPs was effective, indicating modification of crystal surface properties.

    Conclusions:

    • SSPs, particularly G872, significantly reduce COM crystal adhesion to renal cells.
    • These findings suggest that SSPs hold potential as therapeutic agents for managing recurrent kidney stone disease.
    • The mechanism likely involves alterations in the crystal surface properties induced by SSPs.