Atherosclerosis in Japanese Quail males selected for high or low plasma cholesterol

Three lines of Japanese quail males, unselected controls (CL), high response (HL), and low response (LL) lines, selected for plasma total cholesterol for 18 generations, were fed all-plant source, nonatherogenic diets to which 0 or .5% cholesterol were added from 6 to 18 wk of age. Atherosclerotic scores (AS) of aorta of HL birds fed cholesterol were significantly higher than those of LL birds fed cholesterol. Scores of LL fed cholesterol were not higher than LL not fed cholesterol. Fatty infiltration of muscularis and foam cell disruption of elastic fibers were observed in HL males fed cholesterol. In a second experiment, males of the three lines were fed from 6 to 14 wk of age four plant source diets to which were added: 1) 10% glucose monohydrate (cerelose); 2) 10% cerelose + .1% cholesterol; 3) 4% corn oil; or 4) 4% coconut oil. All diets were calculated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Overall, AS of HL and CL males were significantly higher than LL males, but there were no effects of diet for the 56-d feeding period.