The influence of different protein sources on phytate inhibition of nonheme-iron absorption in humans

The inhibiting effect of phytate on nonheme-iron absorption from different protein sources was examined in human subjects using extrinsic radioiron labeling. A drink containing maltodextrose and corn oil was used as a control meal to which was added sufficient sodium phytate to provide 300 mg phytic acid and/or various protein sources. The proteins were selected to cover a broad range of effects on bioavailability and included egg white, meat, and phytate-free soy protein. When sodium phytate alone was added, there was a pronounced 83-90% reduction in mean absorption in separate studies with a composite average decline of 86%. Despite a wide range in absorption from meals containing the three protein sources, a remarkably similar relative inhibition was observed when sodium phytate was added. No significant difference in the inhibiting effect of phytate could be detected with additions ranging from the equivalent of 50-300 mg phytic acid to a meal containing egg white as the protein source. Our studies found no evidence that the inhibiting effect of phytate depends on the protein composition of the meal.