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[Risk factors for ischemic heart disease in Mexico: a case control study]
R Camacho-Hernández1, I Corona-Muñiz, J L Vázquez-Martínez
1Curso de Especialización en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
Archivos Del Instituto De Cardiologia De Mexico
|July 1, 1995
Summary
Modifiable risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and high cholesterol significantly increase coronary heart disease risk in Mexicans. Public health programs are needed to reduce these prevalent risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a growing concern in Mexico.
- Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the association between modifiable risk factors and the incidence of coronary heart disease in a Mexican population.
- To quantify the risk associated with specific factors such as diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study design was employed.
- 284 incident cases of acute myocardial infarction were matched with 284 controls.
- Data on socio-demographics, medical history, and serum cholesterol were collected and analyzed using conditional logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity were significantly associated with coronary heart disease.
- Daily smoking of >20 cigarettes increased risk six-fold; serum cholesterol >240 mg/dl increased risk eight-fold.
Conclusions:
- Modifiable risk factors strongly predict coronary heart disease occurrence in Mexicans.
- The high prevalence and strong association warrant public health interventions to mitigate these risks.