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Persistent wheeze in grain elevator workers should not be ignored

A Senthilselvan1, P Pahwa, P Wang

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
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Persistent wheeze significantly predicts lung function decline in male grain elevator workers. This respiratory symptom indicates a faster annual rate of change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC).

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Grain elevator workers face potential respiratory risks from dust exposure.
  • Health surveillance programs are crucial for monitoring occupational lung diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between respiratory symptoms and annual lung function decline in male grain elevator workers.
  • To identify specific symptoms, like persistent wheeze, that predict pulmonary function changes.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal analysis of 1,211 male grain elevator workers from 1981-1993.
  • Inclusion of pulmonary function measurements (FEV1, FVC) and respiratory symptom data from multiple surveillance periods.
  • Statistical adjustment for age, height, weight change, smoking, baseline lung function, work location, and employment duration.

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Main Results:

  • Workers with persistent wheeze showed the largest mean annual decline in FEV1 (-44.4 ml/yr) and FVC (-55.3 ml/yr).
  • After adjustment, persistent wheeze remained a significant predictor of FEV1 decline (-28.3 ml/yr) and FVC decline (-37.3 ml/yr) compared to asymptomatic workers.
  • New onset wheeze was associated with a significant decline in FEV1 (-13.7 ml/yr) but not FVC.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent wheeze is a significant predictor of accelerated lung function decline in grain elevator workers.
  • The findings underscore the importance of recognizing and managing persistent wheeze in occupational health surveillance and clinical practice for this population.