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Related Experiment Videos

Comparison of gentamicin nephrotoxicity between rats and mice

S Suzuki1, S Takamura, J Yoshida

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part C, Pharmacology, Toxicology & Endocrinology
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Gentamicin significantly damages rat kidneys, particularly Mg(2+)-HCO3(-)-ATPase activity, unlike in mice. Rats serve as a suitable model for studying gentamicin nephrotoxicity in humans.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Gentamicin is a widely used antibiotic with known nephrotoxic potential.
  • Understanding the differential toxic effects across species is crucial for accurate risk assessment and translational research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the toxic effects of gentamicin on kidney and duodenal enzyme activities in male rats and mice.
  • To identify a suitable animal model for studying gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of gentamicin (10-80 mg/kg) subcutaneously for 7 days to Wistar rats and ddY mice.
  • Assay of kidney and duodenal enzyme activities (Mg(2+)-HCO3(-)-ATPase, Mg(2+)-Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, carbonic anhydrase).
  • Measurement of serum urea nitrogen (UN), GOT, GPT, and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantification of gentamicin concentration in kidney cytosol and light microscopic analysis of kidney tissue.

    • Main Results:

    • Gentamicin (40-80 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited rat kidney brush border Mg(2+)-HCO3(-)-ATPase and increased serum UN, GOT, GPT, and urinary NAG.
    • Rat kidney proximal tubules showed significant necrosis at 80 mg/kg gentamicin, with higher gentamicin accumulation compared to mice.
    • Mice exhibited minimal effects, with only urinary NAG significantly increasing at the highest dose.

    Conclusions:

    • Rat kidney brush border Mg(2+)-HCO3(-)-ATPase is selectively damaged by gentamicin, indicating its role in gentamicin nephrotoxicity.
    • Rats are a more suitable animal model than mice for investigating human gentamicin nephrotoxicity due to similar pathological responses.