Understanding computerized EEG monitoring in the intensive care unit

Computerized EEG (CEEG) monitoring has recently been introduced to intensive care units (ICU). Unlike the intermittent assessment using coma scales, CEEG monitoring provides continuous information about a patients' neurological condition. Patient status can be monitored more accurately with CEEG. The use of CEEG monitoring has been proposed for those patients who may experience a decline in cerebral blood flow related to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) or other ischemic events. CEEG is also used in status epilepticus, non-convulsive seizures, metabolic disorders, intracerebral tumors and all etiologies of coma. The goal of continuous CEEG monitoring is to recognize a decline in a patient's condition before physical signs and symptoms are present. The neuroscience nurse participates in the assessment of the EEG recording as well as in evaluating therapy. This article introduces the neuroscience nurse to the basic terminology, rationale for use and clinical application for continuous computerized EEG monitoring.