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[Mumps: efficacy of booster immunization]
Insights
A second mumps vaccination dose (booster) effectively increased antibody titers in most children previously vaccinated but with low immunity. This suggests a two-dose schedule is crucial for preventing mumps complications.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Virology
Context:
- Assessing immune response in children with documented mumps vaccination but low antibody titers (< 3 PEI).
- Investigating the efficacy of a booster dose of Triviraten Berna (Rubini mumps strain) in non-responsive children.
- Evaluating antibody response at 7, 28, and 90 days post-booster.
Purpose:
- To determine if a booster vaccination can elicit a sustained immune response in children with inadequate prior immunity.
- To compare the immune response to homologous (Rubini) versus heterologous (Jeryl Lynn, Urabe) mumps vaccine strains.
- To ascertain the necessity of a two-dose immunization schedule for effective mumps prevention.
Summary:
- Ten children with low anti-mumps antibodies received a booster. Those boosted with the homologous Rubini strain showed a sustained antibody rise for 3 months.
- Children primed with Jeryl Lynn showed a transient primary response, while the Urabe-primed child had no significant response.
- Revaccination with homologous virus induced a persistent response, whereas heterologous virus elicited a response with limited antibody persistence.
Impact:
- Demonstrates the efficacy of a second mumps vaccine dose in 90% of children, highlighting its importance for robust immunity.
- Suggests that a two-dose immunization schedule is essential for effectively preventing serious mumps complications.
- Indicates that the choice of vaccine strain in primary and booster doses impacts the persistence of circulating antibodies.
Abstract:
10 children aged 15 years, who presented with anti-mumps antibodies of < 3 PEI (Paul Ehrlich Institute) despite documented mumps vaccination in the past, were boosted with Triviraten Berna (Rubini mumps strain) and the antibody response was assessed after 7, 28 and 90 days. All 5 children boosted with the same vaccine (Rubini mumps strain) had a titer rise as early as day 7 persisting for 3 months. The 4 children primed with the Jeryl Lynn mumps strain showed a primary immune response, i.e. a rise of the antibody titer after 28 days only, which did not persist well. The child originally primed with the Urabe mumps strain did not show any significant immune response on day 28, which means a negative result. Children apparently susceptible to mumps cannot be differentiated from immune children by measurement of antibody titers. Reexposure to the homologous vaccine virus elicited a persisting immune response: however, revaccination with a heterologous vaccine virus elicited an immune response directed against different antigenic epitopes, followed by limited persistence of circulating antibodies. The efficacy of a second dose of mumps vaccine was demonstrated in 9/10 children. Only by using a two-dose immunization schedule is it possible to effectively avoid the occasionally serious complications of this viral infection, as has been achieved in Finland.