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Modelling the structural pathways for transcapillary exchange

S Weinbaum1, F E Curry

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, City College of CUNY, NY 10031, USA.

Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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New 3D models reveal previously unknown pathways for water and solute transport across capillary endothelial cells, revising our understanding of microvessel permeability and molecular filtering.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Capillary permeability to water and solutes is a long-standing question in microvessel transport.
  • Existing models fail to explain observed permeability measurements.
  • Endothelial cells form junctions with matrix components influencing transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To revise current understanding of water and solute pathways through endothelial junctions.
  • To identify structures responsible for molecular filtering in capillaries.
  • To present new 3D modeling approaches for microvessel transport.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized freeze-fracture studies and ultrathin serial sections.
  • Applied cytochemical studies to analyze endothelial surface and cleft components.

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  • Developed novel three-dimensional (3D) modeling approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified a new family of 2nm pores along junction strands for small ion transport.
    • Described infrequent 150nm orifice-like pores for water and intermediate solutes.
    • Characterized a 100nm thick fiber layer as the sieving structure for solutes.

    Conclusions:

    • 3D models provide a revised understanding of capillary permeability pathways.
    • The findings challenge existing pore and fiber matrix models.
    • Interpretation of tracer studies must account for time-dependent extravascular space filling.