Retrospectroscope: the single breath test of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide

Area of Science:

• Pulmonary Physiology
• Respiratory Medicine

Background:

• The single breath test for diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) measures lung function.
• Despite its significance, DLCO has seen limited widespread clinical adoption over the past two decades.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the significance of the DLCO test.
• To identify reasons for its limited use.
• To propose improvements for wider clinical application.

Main Methods:

• Review of the scientific literature on DLCO.
• Analysis of factors hindering clinical implementation.
• Discussion of the relationship between DLCO, Krogh's K, and alveolar volume.

Main Results:

• The primary barrier to DLCO's use is poor communication between researchers and clinicians.
• Clinicians face challenges with mathematical analyses and understanding test limitations.
• Krogh's K, a component of DL, may be more stable and informative than DLCO alone.

Conclusions:

• Improved communication and education are crucial for DLCO's wider adoption.
• Reporting Krogh's K in addition to DLCO is recommended.
• The modified Krogh single breath test holds potential as an early screening tool for lung disease.