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Related Experiment Videos

Low pulsatility signals through the orbits

C Gymnopoulos1, N M Ramadan

  • 1Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital and Health Sciences Center, Detroit, Mich. 48202, USA.

Stroke
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Focal low pulsatility signals (LPS) in the internal carotid artery siphon, identified via transcranial Doppler, are not linked to arteriovenous malformations or stenosis. These signals likely stem from prominent venous flow in the cavernous sinus.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Imaging
  • Neurosonology

Background:

  • Low pulsatility signals (LPS) on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) typically indicate arteriovenous malformations, significant arterial stenosis, or venous structures.
  • However, focal LPS in the internal carotid artery (ICA) siphon region can present atypical findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and characterize focal low pulsatility signals (LPS) detected in the internal carotid artery siphon region using transcranial Doppler (TCD).
  • To differentiate these focal LPS from known causes such as arteriovenous malformations, arterial stenosis, or venous signals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective and prospective review of 3225 transcranial Doppler studies over 5 years.
  • Identification and extraction of clinical and radiological data for patients with focal LPS.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Definition of LPS as a focal signal with a low pulsatility index (< 0.6) identified via orbital windows.

    • Main Results:

    • Sixteen focal LPS events were identified in 15 patients (mean age 45 years).
    • Mean flow velocity was 62 cm/s, pulsatility index was 0.41, with no arteriovenous malformations or significant arterial stenoses detected.
    • Presenting symptoms included headache, focal neurological deficits, dizziness, and pulsatile tinnitus.

    Conclusions:

    • Focal LPS in the ICA siphon region, with normal mean flow velocity and low pulsatility index, are not associated with arteriovenous malformations or proximal arterial stenosis.
    • These LPS are unlikely to be of venous origin due to arterial range flow velocities.
    • The findings suggest LPS in this region may be related to prominent cavernous sinus venous flow secondary to strong intracavernous ICA pulsations.