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Summary
Pharmacists gained the title of doctor with the 1979 Delong Act, but the highest university degree for physicians and pharmacists is now the 1984 doctorate.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy
- Medical Education
- Professional Titles
Context:
- Historical evolution of pharmacy and medical professional titles in France.
- Impact of legislative reforms on academic and professional qualifications.
- Comparison of physician and pharmacist career pathways and degrees.
Purpose:
- To trace the historical trajectory of professional titles for pharmacists and physicians.
- To elucidate the changes in university degrees and professional practice diplomas.
- To clarify the current highest academic qualification available.
Summary:
- Pharmacists obtained their professional practice diploma and title of doctor in 1979 via the Delong Act.
- Previous titles like 'Doctor of Pharmacy' (since 1898) were not university degrees or professional diplomas.
- State doctorates in pharmacy (1939, 1977) were abolished in 1984, similar to other university degrees.
- The doctorate of medicine lost its university degree status, becoming a state diploma.
- The current highest university grade for both professions is the 1984 doctorate.
Impact:
- Defines the current highest university grade for physicians and pharmacists.
- Clarifies the distinction between professional practice diplomas and university degrees.
- Provides insight into the historical development of pharmaceutical and medical professions.