BioMedicus ventricular assistance for postcardiotomy heart failure: evaluation of univentricular assistance

Clinical outcome and hemodynamic effects of unilateral mechanical ventricular support (UMVS) were evaluated in 19 patients with postcardiotomy heart failure refractory to conventional treatment. Adequate circulation with UMVS was maintained in about 75% of the patients. UMVS initiated circulatory stabilization in 5 of 6 patients with biventricular failure, in 2 of 3 patients with right ventricular failure, and in 7 of 10 patients with left ventricular failure. Eight (42%) patients were successfully weaned from UMVS and discharged from hospital. Six (32%) patients died despite a prolonged, stabilized circulation by UMVS. In 5 (26%) patients, the UMVS could not secure stable circulation. Application of the left UMVS induced increases in cardiac output and systemic blood pressure and a decrease in left atrial pressure without changes in pre- and afterload of the right ventricle. It is concluded that application of UMVS may induce adequate circulation in patients with postcardiotomy heart failure refractory to treatment with inotropes and intraaortic counterpulsation. The outcome of UMVS in left, right, and biventricular failure is acceptable. Thus, this treatment may be recommended for patients with postcardiotomy heart failure.