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Open-angle glaucoma and blood groups. The Barbados Eye Study

M C Leske1, B B Nemesure, Q He

  • 1University Medical Center at Stony Brook, NY, USA.

Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is associated with the Duffy Fya+ blood group, particularly in men and individuals with high intraocular pressure. This finding suggests gene-environment interactions in OAG development.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
  • Genetic factors are implicated in OAG, but their specific associations with blood groups are not fully understood, especially in diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ABO, Rh, and Duffy blood groups.
  • To explore potential genetic associations with OAG in a population-based study.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted using a subset of participants from the Barbados Eye Study.
  • 199 OAG cases and 1063 controls had their ABO, Rh, and Duffy blood groups determined.
  • Statistical analyses, including Mantel-Haenszel and logistic regression, were used to compare blood group frequencies between cases and controls.

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Main Results:

  • A significant positive association was found between OAG and the Duffy Fya+ blood group in men (OR, 2.67) and individuals with intraocular pressure > 21 mm Hg (OR, 3.32).
  • These associations were confirmed through logistic regression, indicating interactions with male gender and elevated intraocular pressure.
  • No significant associations were observed between OAG and ABO or Rh blood groups.

Conclusions:

  • The association of OAG with Duffy Fya+ in a black population, previously unreported, supports the role of genetic factors in OAG.
  • The lack of association with blood group markers of African ancestry challenges simple genetic explanations for racial differences in OAG prevalence.
  • Findings suggest complex gene-environment interactions in OAG, warranting further investigation into OAG and Duffy blood group markers across different racial groups and genders.