Management of suspected neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a rare but potentially lethal form of drug-induced hyperthermia. The objective of this paper is to provide data regarding early and suspected cases as well as offer guidelines for managing this condition. Knowledge of suspected cases will lead to early recognition and prompt management of this condition in the future.

To address the gap in knowledge, we present 2 case reports of patients with early NMS-like symptoms. The case reports are followed by a brief review of the literature on differential diagnoses, risk factors, early signs and treatment data.

The most rational approach to treating NMS entails a hierarchy of interventions determined by the severity and progression of symptoms.