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Does walking decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and death in older adults?

A Z LaCroix1, S G Leveille, J A Hecht

  • 1Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Seattle, WA 98101-1448, USA.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
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Walking more than 4 hours per week significantly reduces cardiovascular disease hospitalization risk in older adults. This regular physical activity may also lower mortality risk, though further research is needed to confirm this association.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Preventive Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults.
  • Identifying modifiable lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between walking frequency and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalization and death in community-dwelling older adults.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for physical activity in geriatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 1645 older adults (≥65 years) over an average of 4.2 years.
  • Assessed walking duration (hours/week) and CVD hospitalizations/mortality.
  • Controlled for numerous potential confounding factors including age, sex, chronic disease, and lifestyle behaviors.

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Main Results:

  • Walking >4 hours/week was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CVD hospitalization (RR=0.69) compared to <1 hour/week, independent of risk factors.
  • A similar trend for reduced mortality risk (RR=0.73) was observed, but this association was diminished after adjusting for risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained walking of over 4 hours per week is strongly linked to lower rates of cardiovascular disease hospitalization in older adults.
  • The potential mortality benefits of walking may be mediated through improvements in other cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Findings support recommending regular walking for cardiovascular disease prevention in the elderly.