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Adverse effects of enalapril in the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). SOLVD Investigators

J B Kostis1, B Shelton, G Gosselin

  • 1University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick 08903-0019, USA.

American Heart Journal
|February 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

Enalapril, used for left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), caused more side effects like hypotension and cough than placebo. While generally tolerated, these adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in a notable number of patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Left Ventricular Dysfunction (LVD) is a critical condition affecting heart function.
  • Enalapril is a commonly prescribed medication for cardiovascular conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the side effect profile of enalapril in patients with LVD.
  • To compare the incidence of adverse events between enalapril and placebo groups.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 6797 participants with LVD (ejection fraction ≤ 0.35).
  • Participants were randomized to receive either enalapril or a placebo.
  • Follow-up averaged 40 months to record side effects and treatment discontinuations.

Main Results:

  • Enalapril group reported significantly higher side effects (28.1%) compared to placebo (16.0%).
  • Specific side effects included hypotension, azotemia, cough, fatigue, hyperkalemia, and angioedema, all more frequent with enalapril.
  • Treatment discontinuation due to side effects was higher in the enalapril group (15.2%) versus placebo (8.6%).

Conclusions:

  • Enalapril is generally well-tolerated in LVD patients.
  • However, a significant minority of patients discontinue enalapril due to adverse effects like hypotension and azotemia.

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