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Related Experiment Videos

Dynamic visual acuity: a test for oscillopsia and vestibulo-ocular reflex function

J L Demer1, V Honrubia, R W Baloh

  • 1Jules Stein Eye Institute, Comprehensive Division, UCLA 90024-7002, USA.

The American Journal of Otology
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Dynamic visual acuity (DVA) quantifies vision during head motion. Impaired DVA in vestibular loss patients highlights vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) deficits, offering a clinical measure of oscillopsia.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Vestibular System

Background:

  • Dynamic visual acuity (DVA) measures visual sharpness during head movement.
  • The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) normally stabilizes retinal images during head motion.
  • Oscillopsia, the perception of visual instability, can result from VOR dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a clinical method for quantifying dynamic visual acuity (DVA).
  • To assess the impact of head motion and visual-vestibular interactions on DVA.
  • To evaluate DVA as a measure of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) function in patients with vestibular loss.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a computer-controlled system to measure visual acuity during imposed head motion (pitch axis).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized sinusoidal motion of optotypes or a swinging chair to simulate head movements.
  • Measured DVA in normal subjects and patients with peripheral vestibular loss, with and without telescopic spectacles.

    • Main Results:

    • In normal subjects, DVA remained stable until retinal image velocity exceeded 2 degrees/second.
    • Telescopic spectacles induced artificial oscillopsia in normal subjects by overwhelming VOR.
    • Patients with total peripheral vestibular loss showed significantly impaired DVA during head motion, directly related to VOR deficit.

    Conclusions:

    • Dynamic visual acuity is a clinically feasible quantitative measure of oscillopsia.
    • Impaired DVA during head motion reflects functionally significant abnormalities of the VOR.
    • This method can identify and quantify visual deficits related to vestibular dysfunction.