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Related Experiment Videos

[Reduced nutritional status enhances ototoxicity]

J Lautermann1, J Schacht

  • 1Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenklinik der Universität Essen.

Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Nutritional deficiency significantly increases drug-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. Undernourished animals showed greater ototoxicity from cisplatin and gentamicin, highlighting the impact of nutrition on drug side effects.

Area of Science:

  • Ototoxicology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Ototoxic side effects of common drugs like cisplatin and gentamicin are a clinical concern.
  • Nutritional status is often overlooked as a potential risk factor for drug-induced toxicity.
  • Understanding factors influencing ototoxicity is crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the role of nutritional state as a risk factor for ototoxicity induced by cisplatin, gentamicin, and a gentamicin-ethacrynic acid combination.
  • To compare the ototoxic effects of these drugs in guinea pigs with normal versus deficient nutritional states.

Summary:

  • Guinea pigs fed a low protein diet (7%) exhibited significantly greater hearing loss compared to those on a standard 18.5% protein diet when exposed to cisplatin or gentamicin.

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  • Hearing loss in undernourished animals was substantially higher: 32 dB for cisplatin, 74 dB for gentamicin, and 95 dB for gentamicin with ethacrynic acid, versus 10-42 dB in normally nourished animals.
  • Drug pharmacokinetics did not differ between groups, indicating that enhanced ototoxicity in undernourished animals is due to increased susceptibility rather than altered drug levels.

    • Impact:

    • Nutritional factors significantly influence the severity of drug-induced ototoxicity.
    • Guinea pigs on a restricted diet may serve as a more relevant model for studying ototoxicity in compromised human patients.
    • Findings suggest that nutritional status should be considered when assessing the risk of ototoxic pharmacotherapy.