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Immune response to influenza vaccination in children with renal disease
S L Furth1, A M Neu, S A McColley
1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Insights
Pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease on dialysis, or post-kidney transplant demonstrate effective antibody responses to influenza vaccination, similar to healthy children. This confirms the benefit of influenza immunization for these vulnerable pediatric populations.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Influenza vaccination is recommended for pediatric patients with chronic renal disease and post-organ transplantation.
- The antibody response to influenza vaccines in these specific pediatric populations is not well-characterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antibody response to trivalent influenza vaccine in children with chronic renal failure, end-stage renal disease on dialysis, and post-renal transplantation.
- To compare the immune response in these pediatric groups to a control group of healthy children.
Main Methods:
- Studied children aged 1-21 years with various renal conditions (chronic renal failure, dialysis, post-transplant) and a control group.
- Administered the 1993-1994 trivalent influenza vaccine.
- Assessed antibody responses including seroconversion rates, protective hemagglutination-inhibition titers, and geometric mean titers pre- and post-vaccination.
Main Results:
- No significant differences were observed in seroconversion rates between the study groups and controls.
- The percentage of patients achieving protective antibody titers post-vaccination was comparable across all groups.
- Changes in geometric mean titers from pre- to post-vaccination did not differ significantly between pediatric patients with renal disease and the control group.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric patients with chronic renal disease, end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis, and those post-renal transplantation exhibit adequate antibody responses to influenza vaccination.
- These findings support the recommendation and likely benefit of influenza immunization for children with renal impairment or post-transplant status.
Abstract:
Although immunization with influenza vaccine is recommended for children with chronic renal disease and after organ transplantation, the antibody response in these children has not been well described. We studied the response to the 1993-1994 trivalent influenza vaccine in children, aged 1-21 years, with chronic renal failure (n = 15), end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis (n = 10), and post renal transplantation (n = 17). Each group's antibody response was compared with that of a control group (n = 7). No significant differences were found in seroconversion rates, percentage of patients achieving protective hemagglutination-inhibition titers post vaccination or change in geometric mean titers from pre to post vaccination between study groups and controls. These results suggest that pediatric patients with renal disease will respond and therefore will benefit from currently recommended influenza immunization.