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Amphibian parathyroids: morphological and functional aspects

A K Srivastav1, V K Das, S Das

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of Gorakhpur, India.

Microscopy Research and Technique
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Amphibian parathyroid glands develop during metamorphosis and regulate blood calcium. Their structure and function vary across species, responding to environmental changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Comparative Endocrinology
  • Tetrapod Evolution

Background:

  • Terrestrial amphibians possess parathyroid glands, unlike aquatic species or larvae.
  • These endocrine glands emerge during metamorphosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the structure and function of amphibian parathyroid glands.
  • To investigate the role of parathyroid hormone in calcium regulation across amphibian groups.

Main Methods:

  • Histological examination of parathyroid gland cell types in caecilians, urodeles, and anurans.
  • Observation of parathyroid gland activity in response to calcium level fluctuations.
  • Assessment of parathyroidectomy and parathyroid hormone administration effects on blood calcium.

Main Results:

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  • Parathyroid gland structure varies: caecilians have one cell type, urodeles may have basal/suprabasal cells, and anurans have small/large chief cells.
  • Glands lack connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves in caecilians and anurans.
  • Parathyroid hormone secretion is inversely regulated by blood calcium levels.
  • Parathyroidectomy typically causes hypocalcemia, while hormone administration induces hypercalcemia.
  • Seasonal variations in parathyroid glands are observed in urodeles and anurans, influenced by environmental factors.

    • Conclusions:

    • Amphibian parathyroid glands are crucial for calcium homeostasis, with structural and functional adaptations across taxa.
    • Environmental cues significantly influence parathyroid gland activity and amphibian calcium balance.