[Spontaneous perinephric hematoma in a case of AIDS]

To review the wide spectrum of urological manifestations in the HIV-infected population.

We report a case of spontaneous perinephric hematoma (non-traumatic) in a young male drug user with HIV infection. The patient was submitted to emergency nephrectomy after acute bleeding secondary to a subcapsular hematoma. He had no previous history of trauma.

No underlying disorder was found and it is not known if the association with HIV infection is merely casual or not. This is an uncommon condition that is usually secondary to benign or malignant renal tumors, vascular anomalies and inflammatory disorder. In some cases, however, the underlying cause is never found.

It must be emphasized that HIV-infected patients may consult for diverse urological disorders whose differential diagnosis may be difficult to establish.