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Related Experiment Videos

Selective DNA amplification regulates transcript levels in plant mitochondria

R C Muise1, W W Hauswirth

  • 1Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA.

Current Genetics
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Plant mitochondrial genomes show gene copy number variation, particularly in maize (Zea mays). This variation directly influences mitochondrial transcriptional rates, impacting gene expression in plants.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Plant mitochondrial genomes often exist as subgenomic fragments due to repetitive sequence recombination.
  • This fragmentation raises the possibility of mitochondrial gene copy number variation through independent replication of subgenomic domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gene-specific copy number differences in plant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
  • To compare copy number variation between different maize genotypes and between a monocot and a dicot species.
  • To determine the relationship between mitochondrial gene copy number and transcriptional rates.

Main Methods:

  • Southern-blot analysis of restricted and intact mtDNA.
  • Comparative analysis of two maize genotypes (B37(N) and B37(T)).

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  • Run-on transcription analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Gene-specific copy number differences were observed in Zea mays (maize) mtDNA.
    • Fewer copy number differences were found in the cytoplasmic male-sterile maize strain B37(T) compared to B37(N).
    • Significant gene copy number differences were not detected in the dicot Brassica hirta.
    • Mitochondrial transcriptional rates were proportional to relative gene copy numbers in both species.

    Conclusions:

    • A direct relationship exists between plant mitochondrial gene copy number and transcriptional rate.
    • Gene copy number variation in plant mitochondria is species- and genotype-dependent.
    • Mitochondrial gene copy number is a key factor regulating gene expression in plants.