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Related Experiment Videos

Persistent truncus arteriosus in a diprosopic newborn calf

J Camón1, M A López-Béjar, J Verdú

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Antonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.

Zentralblatt Fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

A rare diprosopic calf presented with a partially duplicated head and severe congenital heart defects, including persistent truncus arteriosus. Cranial neural crest deficits may contribute to these complex developmental anomalies.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Teratology

Background:

  • Diprosopus, a rare congenital condition characterized by partial or complete duplication of the face, is infrequently documented in cattle.
  • Congenital heart defects, particularly persistent truncus arteriosus, often accompany craniofacial duplications.

Observation:

  • A newborn diprosopic female calf exhibited a partially duplicated head with two distinct faces, each possessing typical facial features but with anomalous mandibles and a midline ear.
  • Extracranial defects included a type 1 persistent truncus arteriosus and hypoplasia of the thymus.
  • Intracardiac anomalies comprised a persistent foramen secundum, patent foramen ovale, interventricular septal defect, and an anomalous septomarginal muscular septum within the right ventricle.

Findings:

Related Experiment Videos

  • The primary cardiovascular defect was a large, undivided truncus arteriosus originating predominantly from the right ventricle, with a tricuspid truncal valve.
  • The truncus arteriosus gave rise to the brachiocephalic trunk, aortic arch, pulmonary trunk, and coronary arteries.
  • The study reviews the etiology of persistent truncus arteriosus and suggests a potential role for cranial neural crest cell deficits in its pathogenesis, especially in cases of cephalic duplication.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the complex interplay between craniofacial development and cardiovascular formation.
    • Understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms, potentially involving cranial neural crest insufficiency, is crucial for further research into congenital anomalies.
    • The findings contribute to the veterinary literature on rare congenital malformations and their potential underlying developmental pathways.