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Hair shaft abnormalities: Part I

¹Royal Alexandra Hospital For Children, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

The Australasian Journal of Dermatology

|November 1, 1995

Summary

This review details normal hair structure and rare hair shaft abnormalities like monilethrix, pili torti, and trichorrhexis nodosa. It covers their clinical, light microscopic, and electron microscopic features, exploring pathogenesis where known.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Histopathology
Genetics

Background:

Hair shaft abnormalities are uncommon conditions affecting hair structure.
Understanding these conditions requires detailed microscopic examination.
Part I focuses on specific rare hair shaft disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the clinical and microscopic characteristics of normal hair.
To describe major hair shaft abnormalities, including monilethrix, pili torti, and trichorrhexis nodosa.
To discuss the pathogenesis of these rare hair conditions.

Main Methods:

Light microscopy of hair samples.
Electron microscopy of hair samples.
Review of clinical presentations and available pathogenetic data.

Main Results:

Normal hair exhibits distinct light and electron microscopic features.
Monilethrix presents with beaded hair shafts.
Pili torti shows twisted hair shafts, and trichorrhexis nodosa features nodes along the hair shaft.

Conclusions:

Accurate diagnosis of hair shaft abnormalities relies on integrating clinical and microscopic findings.
Further research into the pathogenesis of these rare conditions is warranted.
This review provides a foundation for understanding key hair shaft disorders.

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