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Development of peripheral blood mononuclear cell response to mitogens in Japanese black newborn calves
H Inokuma1, T Yoshida, T Onishi
1Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Japan.
Abstract:
Development of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) in 5 Japanese Black newborn calves was examined by the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay until the day 28 after birth. The PHA responses of PBMC from calves aged from 0 to 7 days were less than those of PBMC from control adult cattle. While the difference of the Con A response of PBMC between newborn calves and adults was not significant statistically. These results suggest that the response of T cell to PHA may be insufficient at early stage after birth in Japanese Black.
Insights
Newborn Japanese Black calves show reduced T-cell responses to PHA, indicating potential immune system immaturity. Concanavalin A responses were comparable to adults, suggesting specific T-cell subset differences.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Immunology
- Neonatal Calf Health
- Cellular Immunology
Background:
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) play a crucial role in the immune response.
- Understanding immune development in newborn livestock is vital for calf health and productivity.
- Japanese Black cattle are a significant beef breed in Japan.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the development of PBMC responses to mitogens in Japanese Black newborn calves.
- To compare the cellular immune response of newborn calves with adult cattle.
- To assess the early-stage immune function related to T-cell activation.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the MTT assay to measure PBMC proliferation.
- Examined responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) mitogens.
- Monitored calves from birth up to 28 days of age.
Main Results:
- PBMC from newborn calves (0-7 days) exhibited significantly lower responses to PHA compared to adult cattle.
- No statistically significant difference was observed in Con A responses between newborn calves and adult cattle.
- Indicates a potential deficit in PHA-driven T-cell activation in early life.
Conclusions:
- The T-cell response to PHA appears insufficient in Japanese Black calves during the early neonatal period.
- Immune system maturation, particularly T-cell function, requires further investigation in neonatal cattle.
- Findings suggest potential implications for calf health and disease resistance in the first month of life.