Hematological changes observed in Andalusian horses with laminitis

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Equine Health
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Laminitis is a debilitating equine disease affecting the hoof.
• Understanding the biochemical changes associated with laminitis is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
• Andalusian horses represent a specific population that may exhibit unique responses to disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the clinical blood chemistry profiles of Andalusian horses suffering from laminitis.
• To identify specific biomarkers indicative of laminitis in this breed.
• To correlate blood chemistry alterations with the severity of the condition.

Main Methods:

• Blood samples were collected from 13 Andalusian horses with Obel grade 3 laminitis within 24 hours of onset, before treatment.
• A control group of 10 healthy horses was used for comparison.
• Analysis included red blood cell count, white blood cell differential, and enzymatic activity (CPK, LDH, AST), electrolytes (K+), glucose, and total proteins.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in red blood cells or total white blood cells were found between affected and control horses.
• A significant decrease in neutrophils and an increase in lymphocytes were observed in laminitic horses.
• Elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) indicated muscular and hepatic disorders.
• Increased potassium (K+), glucose, and total proteins were noted, alongside mild acidosis.

Conclusions:

• Laminitis in Andalusian horses is associated with specific hematological changes, particularly in white blood cell counts.
• Biochemical alterations, including elevated muscle and liver enzymes, suggest significant tissue damage.
• Increased glucose and protein levels may relate to carbohydrate intake and hemoconcentration due to fluid shifts or sweating.