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Hyperventilation test in syndrome X

D Alexopoulos1, C Olympios, J Christodoulou

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Patras University Medical School, Patras, Greece.

Angiology
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The hyperventilation test can induce angina and ECG changes in Syndrome X patients, particularly women, suggesting increased myocardial oxygen demand. This response closely correlates with exercise test findings.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperventilation (HV) testing is utilized in diagnosing coronary artery disease.
  • Syndrome X, characterized by angina, positive exercise tests, and normal coronary angiograms, requires further diagnostic investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response to hyperventilation (HV) in patients with Syndrome X.
  • To compare the diagnostic utility of HV testing with exercise (EX) testing in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty patients with Syndrome X and 20 healthy controls underwent both HV and EX tests.
  • Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and angina symptoms were monitored during both tests.
  • Rate-pressure product (RPP) was measured to assess myocardial oxygen demand.

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Main Results:

  • Seven female patients with Syndrome X experienced angina and ECG changes during HV, unlike controls.
  • Patients with Syndrome X and abnormal HV responses showed a correlation between RPPs during HV and EX.
  • Abnormal HV responses occurred at a similar RPP to that observed during EX, suggesting increased myocardial oxygen demand.

Conclusions:

  • A notable percentage of Syndrome X patients, predominantly women, exhibit angina and ECG changes during HV.
  • The correlation between exercise and hyperventilation test results indicates that increased myocardial oxygen demand is a likely cause of these symptoms.