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Digital dermatitis: report of an outbreak

S R van Amstel1, S van Vuuren, C L Tutt

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of PreMMria, Onderstepoort, Republic of South Africa.

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Digital dermatitis significantly impacted a South African dairy herd, causing lameness and reduced milk production. Prompt oxytetracycline treatment lowered prevalence, but reinfection remains a concern.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Health
  • Dairy Science

Background:

  • Digital dermatitis is a significant infectious foot disease in dairy cattle.
  • Outbreaks can lead to severe lameness, reduced milk yield, and economic losses.
  • Previous studies highlight the challenges in controlling this condition in dairy herds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe an outbreak of digital dermatitis in a South African dairy herd.
  • To evaluate the clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment efficacy.
  • To assess the recurrence and reinfection rates of digital dermatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination of a dairy herd in Gauteng, South Africa.
  • Diagnosis based on typical lesions and histopathological confirmation of spirochaetes.

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  • Treatment involved high-pressure water cleaning and topical oxytetracycline spraying.
  • Prevalence monitoring before, during, and after treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • 72% of the lactating herd was affected during the initial outbreak.
    • Severe lameness and decreased milk production were common clinical signs.
    • Treatment reduced prevalence to 28% within one month.
    • A second outbreak occurred 7 months later, affecting 37% of the herd, with 48% being new cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Digital dermatitis poses a substantial threat to dairy herd health and productivity.
    • Oxytetracycline treatment can effectively reduce prevalence, but reinfection is possible.
    • Effective management strategies are crucial to control recurrent outbreaks and minimize economic impact.