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Head trauma: hearing loss and dizziness

D C Fitzgerald1

  • 1Department of Otology and Neurology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, D.C. 20010, USA.

The Journal of Trauma
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Head trauma can cause dizziness and hearing loss by affecting the brain, inner ear, and nerves. Early recognition aids in seeking specialist consultation for better diagnosis and management.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Head trauma and whiplash injuries frequently lead to neurological sequelae, including dizziness and hearing loss.
  • Primary care physicians (family practitioners, internists) manage many patients with head trauma but may lack specialized knowledge of associated neurologic deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide primary care physicians with knowledge of the causes and pathophysiology of head trauma.
  • To aid in decision-making regarding consultation with neurologists and otoneurologists for diagnosis and management of neurologic sequelae.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hearing loss and dizziness post-head trauma or whiplash.
  • Integration of extensive clinical experience with reviewed findings.

Main Results:

  • Dizziness can result from trauma to the brain stem-eighth nerve complex, semicircular canals (labyrinthine concussion), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere's syndrome, perilymphatic fistula, and cervical vertigo.
  • Hearing loss can stem from trauma to the brain, eighth nerve, middle ear, cochlear concussion, Meniere's syndrome, and perilymphatic fistula.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the mechanisms of dizziness and hearing loss after head trauma is crucial for primary care physicians.
  • Timely consultation with specialists is recommended for accurate diagnosis and effective management of these complex neurologic issues.

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