Anti-genotoxic effects in mice after the interaction between coffee and dietary constituents

The interaction between coffee (100 mg freeze-dried home brew/kg body weight) and dietary constituents was assessed for anti-genotoxic effects against cyclophosphamide, N-methyl-N-nitro-N- nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), N-nitroso-N-ethylurea, mitomycin C and urethane (URE) in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. Combinations of dietary constituents consisting of (1) chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid and ferulic acid, (2) beta-carotene, curcumin and alpha-tocopherol, (3) chlorogenic acid, curcumin, alpha-tocopherol, anethole and eugenol, and (4) beta-carotene, curcumin, ellagic acid and chlorogenic acid were used in this study. Before the genotoxin was injected i.p., identical groups of mice were orally administered either vehicle control, coffee, dietary constituents, or coffee plus dietary constituents. Co-administration of coffee with the dietary constituents enhanced the anti-genotoxic effect compared with that of either coffee or the dietary constituents alone. Two-factor analysis of variance of the data suggests that there is a significant synergistic interaction between coffee and the dietary constituents for anti-genotoxic effects against MNNG (combination 1 and 2) and URE (combination 4).