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Related Experiment Videos

Adenovirus masquerading as microsporidia

G S Visvesvara1, G J Leitch, S Wallace

  • 1National Center for Infectious Diseases, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.

The Journal of Parasitology
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Enterocytozoon bieneusi causes chronic diarrhea in AIDS patients. Adenovirus type 8 coinfection hindered E. bieneusi culture, suggesting a potential diagnostic challenge.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Enterocytozoon bieneusi is an opportunistic pathogen causing chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
  • Current diagnosis of E. bieneusi infection necessitates invasive procedures like duodenal biopsy and time-consuming electron microscopy, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of establishing an in vitro culture system for Enterocytozoon bieneusi using mammalian cell cultures.
  • To identify potential challenges or confounding factors in culturing E. bieneusi from clinical samples.

Main Methods:

  • Mammalian cell cultures were inoculated with duodenal aspirates and/or biopsy specimens from two patients with suspected E. bieneusi infection.

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  • Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were employed to examine the cultured cells for the presence of microsporidia.
  • Viral identification was performed on the cocultured organisms.

    • Main Results:

    • An inadvertent coculture of adenovirus (identified as adenovirus type 8) alongside E. bieneusi was established.
    • Light microscopy initially suggested the presence of microsporidia in adenovirus-infected cells, but electron microscopy revealed few microsporidia and numerous adenovirus-infected cells.
    • Adenovirus type 8 infection appeared to inhibit the proliferation of E. bieneusi and led to the destruction of the cell cultures.

    Conclusions:

    • Adenovirus type 8 coinfection can interfere with the in vitro culture of Enterocytozoon bieneusi.
    • The presence of adenovirus may mimic or mask microsporidial infections in cell cultures, posing a diagnostic challenge.
    • Further research is needed to understand the interaction between adenovirus and E. bieneusi in cell culture and its implications for diagnosis.