Sweet syndrome associated with G-CSF treatment in a child with glycogen storage disease type Ib

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dermatology
• Hematology
• Immunology

Background:

• Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, or Sweet syndrome, is uncommon in pediatric patients.
• It is frequently linked to underlying cancers or inflammatory conditions.
• Glycogen storage disease type Ib is a rare genetic disorder associated with neutropenia and recurrent infections.

Observation:

• A 5-year-old female patient with glycogen storage disease type Ib, neutropenia, and recurrent infections presented with a characteristic Sweet syndrome skin eruption.
• The eruption developed after two years of treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).

Findings:

• This case highlights a potential association between G-CSF therapy and the development of Sweet syndrome in a pediatric patient with a specific underlying condition.
• The findings suggest that G-CSF-induced granulopoiesis and granulocyte activation may play a role in the pathogenesis of Sweet syndrome.

Implications:

• This observation may inform clinical practice regarding the use of G-CSF in children with glycogen storage disease type Ib or similar conditions.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking G-CSF therapy to Sweet syndrome in this population.
• Understanding this association could lead to improved management strategies for pediatric patients at risk for both Sweet syndrome and G-CSF-related complications.