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Fetal pulse oximetry. A methodogical study

A Maesel¹, L Mårtensson, S Gudmundsson

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden.

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica

|February 1, 1996

Summary

Fetal pulse oximetry monitoring during labor is safe and practical, with successful sensor placement in 95% of cases. This method provides valuable fetal oxygen saturation (SpO2) data, though further research is needed to confirm its clinical utility.

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Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fetal Monitoring
Medical Devices

Background:

Fetal pulse oximetry is an emerging technology for monitoring fetal oxygenation during labor.
This study evaluated the practical application of the FS-10 Oxisensor (Nellcor).
Obstetricians and midwives were involved in sensor placement, with SpO2 readings not influencing patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the practical applicability and safety of fetal pulse oximetry during labor.
To determine the success rate of sensor placement and data acquisition.
To observe changes in fetal arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) during different stages of labor.

Main Methods:

Methodological study involving 96 singleton pregnancies.
Fetal pulse oximetry sensor (FS-10 Oxisensor) placement and monitoring during labor.

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Calculation of mean SpO2 levels at specific cervical dilatations and in the second stage; statistical analysis using Student's t-test.

Main Results:

Successful sensor placement in 91% (95%) of cases.
Minor, transient adverse events: one case of maternal pain, two newborns with temporary impression marks.
Obtainable SpO2 values for 69% of the recording time (mean 134 minutes); significant SpO2 decrease observed from the first to the second stage of labor.

Conclusions:

Fetal pulse oximetry appears safe for both mother and child.
The method enables SpO2 data acquisition during approximately two-thirds of the monitoring period.
Further research is required to establish the clinical value of fetal pulse oximetry in labor management.