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Related Experiment Videos

Gut barrier failure in experimental obstructive jaundice

J V Reynolds1, P Murchan, N Leonard

  • 1Department of Surgery, Meath Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive jaundice leads to bacterial translocation from the gut, increasing infection risk. Therapies targeting this gut barrier failure may help prevent and treat infections in jaundiced patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Sepsis Research
  • Surgical Infection

Background:

  • Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract is a key factor in endogenous sepsis.
  • Obstructive jaundice is associated with a high incidence of infection.
  • The role of bacterial translocation in obstructive jaundice requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the relevance of bacterial translocation in obstructive jaundice.
  • To determine if surgical trauma or endotoxin challenge exacerbates bacterial translocation in jaundiced rats.

Main Methods:

  • Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bile duct ligation or sham surgery.
  • Mesenteric lymph nodes, cecum, and blood were cultured; plasma endotoxin was measured.
  • Rats were challenged with operative trauma or endotoxin to assess bacterial translocation.

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Main Results:

  • Bile duct ligation caused mesenteric lymph node colonization by 1 and 3 weeks.
  • Surgical trauma and endotoxin increased bacterial translocation in sham rats (33% and 40%).
  • In jaundiced rats, translocation was significantly enhanced (75% and 93%) and endotoxin led to positive blood cultures (71%).

Conclusions:

  • Biliary obstruction induces bacterial translocation, indicating gut barrier failure.
  • Surgical trauma and endotoxin potentiate bacterial translocation in obstructive jaundice.
  • Targeting bacterial translocation may be a viable strategy for infection prophylaxis and treatment in jaundiced patients.