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Related Experiment Videos

Postnatal renal adaptation in preterm and term lambs

L M Berry1, M Ikegami, E Woods

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance 90502, USA.

Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Renal adaptation in newborn lambs begins within 2 hours of cesarean delivery and is not gestation-dependent after 109 days. However, anesthesia and ventilation can delay these crucial postnatal renal changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Physiology
  • Renal Physiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Renal reabsorptive capacity increases significantly during the transition from fetal to neonatal life.
  • Understanding the gestational dependence of these renal adaptations is crucial for neonatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if increases in renal reabsorptive capacity during the fetal-to-neonatal transition are gestation-dependent.
  • To investigate the impact of cesarean delivery, anesthesia, and ventilation on neonatal renal function.

Main Methods:

  • Renal function was assessed in chronically catheterized fetal lambs.
  • Renal function was studied in anesthetized, ventilated, cesarean-delivered preterm and term lambs.
  • Renal function was compared between cesarean-delivered newborns and 2-day-old spontaneously delivered term lambs.

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Main Results:

  • Within 2 hours of cesarean delivery, preterm and term lambs showed similar urine osmolality, urine flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and fractional sodium excretion (FENa) compared to fetal values.
  • Cesarean-delivered newborns exhibited lower urine flow and higher urine osmolality than fetal lambs.
  • By 2 days of age, renal function showed increased GFR and urine osmolality, with decreased FENa and urine flow compared to cesarean-delivered newborns.
  • Prolonged ventilation (10 hours) in preterm lambs resulted in a decreased FENa.

Conclusions:

  • Renal adaptive responses in newborns begin within 2 hours post-cesarean delivery.
  • Initial renal adaptations are not gestation-dependent in lambs at or after 109 days of gestation.
  • Anesthesia and/or ventilation can delay postnatal renal adaptations for at least 10 hours after birth.