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Related Experiment Videos

A second double-stranded RNA virus from yeast

C M Park1, J D Lopinski, J Masuda

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 14260, USA.

Virology
|February 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Two yeast viruses, ScVL1 and ScVLa, persist in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Despite sharing genomic features, these totiviruses show no recombination, indicating distinct evolutionary paths in yeast.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Mycology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae harbors two permanent double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses: ScVL1 and ScVLa.
  • Both viruses belong to the Totiviridae family, known for infecting fungi and protozoa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genomic organization, expression, and recombination patterns of ScVL1 and ScVLa viruses in yeast.
  • To understand the evolutionary relationship and genetic conservation between these two coexisting dsRNA viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative sequence analysis of ScVL1 and ScVLa viral genomes.
  • Examination of gene expression mechanisms, including translational frameshifting.
  • Assessment of recombination events between the two viruses within the same yeast cells.

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Main Results:

  • ScVL1 and ScVLa share identical genomic organization and expression strategies.
  • Sequence conservation is limited to regions conserved across all totiviruses, with minimal exceptions.
  • No evidence of recombination was found between ScVL1 and ScVLa, despite their coexistence.
  • Both viruses possess two open reading frames (ORFs) encoding a capsid protein (cap) and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (pol).
  • The Pol domain in ScVLa is expressed via a -1 translational frameshift, similar to ScVL1.

Conclusions:

  • ScVL1 and ScVLa are distinct dsRNA viruses within the Totiviridae family that persistently infect Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • Their lack of recombination suggests independent evolutionary trajectories despite shared genomic features and cohabitation.
  • The conserved expression mechanism involving translational frameshifting highlights a fundamental characteristic of totivirus replication.