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Updated: Oct 17, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies
Published on: December 1, 2013
[Characteristics of early carcinomas and precancerous lesions in the urinary bladder]
S Fukushima1, S Yamamoto, M Kitano
1First Dept. of Pathology, Osaka City University Medical School.
Abstract:
Early transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder are morphologically classified into papillary and non-papillary types, carcinoma in situ (CIS). Severe dysplasia is considered as a precancerous lesion for CIS which can be distinguished from the morphological appearance of its AgNORs. The conversion from severe dysplasia to CIS appears to require a longer time than that needed for invasive lesion to develop from CIS. It is postulated that mild or moderate dysplasia results in G1 and 2 grade papillary transitional cell carcinomas. Molecular analysis of different types of dysplasia is therefore clearly warranted to assist in diagnostic classification.
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