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Pit structure on bacterial cell surface

T Hisano1, N Kimura, W Hashimoto

  • 1Kyoto Institute, Gunze Co., Ayabe, Japan.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|March 27, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers discovered a unique pit structure on Sphingomonas bacteria, suggesting a novel mechanism for direct macromolecule uptake. This finding offers new insights into microbial cell transport and morphology.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Sphingomonas bacteria are gram-negative rods.
  • The specific bacterium studied was yellow-pigmented and isolated from a ditch.
  • Its G+C content was determined to be 63 mol%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphology and cell surface structures of a Sphingomonas bacterium.
  • To understand the mechanism of nutrient uptake, particularly macromolecules.
  • To explore potential novel transport pathways in microbial systems.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and classification of a yellow-pigmented bacterium (Sphingomonas).
  • Electron microscopy to examine bacterial cell surface structures.
  • Cultivation in a medium with polysaccharide as the essential nutrient.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Thin section analysis of bacterial cells.

    • Main Results:

    • The bacterium's cell surface was covered with numerous large plaits.
    • A pit (0.02-0.1 µm diameter) formed on the cell surface when grown with polysaccharide.
    • Thin sections revealed plait rearrangement and invagination of the cell membrane into the cytosol within the pit.
    • Pit formation was dependent on the presence of macromolecules.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed pit structure suggests a direct uptake mechanism for macromolecules, potentially via endocytosis.
    • This is the first documented instance of such a pit structure in microbiology.
    • The findings provide new insights into microbial cell morphology and macromolecule transport biochemistry.